один (Russian)
Where does "один" come from?
The Russian word 'один' traces its roots back to the Proto-Indo-European *óy(H)nos, meaning 'one' or 'single.' It evolved through Proto-Slavic as *edinъ and Old East Slavic before solidifying as the modern Russian term. Its deep ancestry links it to cognates across the Baltic and Slavic language families, including Latvian 'viens' and Lithuanian 'vienas.'
Full etymology tree
- один (Russian), 'one (1)'
- inherited одинъ (Old East Slavic), 'alternative form of единъ (jedinŭ)'
- inherited *edinъ (Proto-Slavic), 'one'
- inherited *edī́˙nus (Early Proto-Slavic)
- inherited *edīˀnas (Proto-Balto-Slavic)
- inherited *h₁edʰ-(H)iHnos (Proto-Indo-European)
- inherited *aiˀnas (Proto-Balto-Slavic), 'one'
- inherited *h₁óy(H)nos (Proto-Indo-European)
- inherited *edīˀnas (Proto-Balto-Slavic)
- inherited *edī́˙nus (Early Proto-Slavic)
- inherited *edinъ (Proto-Slavic), 'one'
- inherited одинъ (Old East Slavic), 'alternative form of единъ (jedinŭ)'
Ancestors
- одинъ (Old East Slavic)
- *edinъ (Proto-Slavic)
Cognates and doublets
- един- (Russian)
Updated July 2026
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Etymology data from Wiktionary, CC BY-SA 4.0 · About Miraris