инвалид (Russian)
Where does "инвалид" come from?
The Russian word 'инвалид' (invalid) was borrowed from the French 'invalide', which traces its roots back to the Latin 'invalidus'. This Latin term was formed by combining the negative prefix 'in-' with 'validus', meaning 'strong', effectively describing someone who lacks physical strength or health. Over time, the word evolved to specifically denote a disabled person or a soldier retired due to injury.
Full etymology tree
- инвалид (Russian), 'a disabled person, an invalid'
- borrowed invalide (French), 'disabled'
- inherited invalidus (Latin), 'infirm, impotent, weak, feeble'
- affix in- (Latin), 'un-, non-, not'
- inherited *ən- (Proto-Italic), 'un-'
- inherited *n̥- (Proto-Indo-European), 'not, un-'
- derived *né (Proto-Indo-European), 'not'
- inherited *n̥- (Proto-Indo-European), 'not, un-'
- inherited *ən- (Proto-Italic), 'un-'
- affix validus (Latin), 'strong'
- derived valeō (Latin), 'to have strength, influence, power; to avail'
- inherited *walēō (Proto-Italic), 'to be strong'
- inherited *h₂wl̥h₁éh₁yeti (Proto-Indo-European)
- derived *h₂welh₁- (Proto-Indo-European), 'to rule'
- inherited *h₂wl̥h₁éh₁yeti (Proto-Indo-European)
- inherited *walēō (Proto-Italic), 'to be strong'
- suffix -idus (Latin), 'tending to'
- inherited *-iðos (Proto-Italic)
- inherited *-dʰh₁-os (Proto-Indo-European)
- derived *dʰeh₁- (Proto-Indo-European), 'to do'
- inherited *-dʰh₁-os (Proto-Indo-European)
- inherited *-iðos (Proto-Italic)
- derived valeō (Latin), 'to have strength, influence, power; to avail'
- affix in- (Latin), 'un-, non-, not'
- inherited invalidus (Latin), 'infirm, impotent, weak, feeble'
- borrowed invalide (French), 'disabled'
Ancestors
- invalide (French)
Descendants and derived words
- ինվալիդ (Armenian)
Updated June 2026
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Etymology data from Wiktionary, CC BY-SA 4.0 · About Miraris